This study aims to examine the efforts and works related to the Arabic language and grammar from a historical perspective. In this context, the study first presents five grammatical schools: Basra, Kufa, Baghdad, Andalusia, and Egypt-Sham. It then explores the state of the Arabic language during the Ottoman period, which is often described as a time of stagnation, shedding light on aspects that are frequently neglected regarding this era. Finally, it discusses the modern-era studies on Arabic language and grammar, including initiatives aimed at revising and simplifying grammar. Additionally, the study includes two appendices: the first covers Arabic dictionaries and their types, and the second examines scholars’ contributions to the science of rhetoric (balāgha).
